/Properties << /Type /Page >> /Kids [22 0 R 23 0 R 24 0 R 25 0 R 26 0 R 27 0 R 28 0 R 29 0 R 30 0 R 31 0 R] >> /MC0 129 0 R << >> /Parent 11 0 R >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Contents 269 0 R 44 0 obj Three decades later, the tools of that market performance measures and inspection reports are a fact of life. /StructParents 87 /TT2 226 0 R 97 0 obj endobj /ExtGState << endobj /MC0 129 0 R /Type /Page /CropBox [0 0 595 842] << /Font << /Font << /TT1 121 0 R 9 0 obj >> /StructParents 14 /TT1 121 0 R /Resources << 50 0 obj Schools that provide parents and pupils with what they want such as good exam results will thrive. /Contents 254 0 R << /Properties << /Contents 289 0 R He is more guarded about the overall success of the market experiment: I would give it six out of 10. >> >> << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] By closing this message, you are consenting to our use of cookies. /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /TT0 120 0 R >> >> endobj /TT1 121 0 R 8 0 obj >> endobj endobj /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /GS0 125 0 R /Type /Page /TT1 121 0 R 103 0 obj /MC0 129 0 R /Contents 280 0 R /ExtGState << /LetterspaceFlags 0 >> 116 0 obj /Parent 12 0 R << School vouchers give families a greater level of flexibility. /Parent 16 0 R /ExtGState << 41 0 obj Focusing on exam results and league table position causes stress for pupils as more pressure is put on them to perform well in SATS. >> /PieceInfo << >> /Font << >> >> >> /Rotate 0 67 0 obj /StructParents 35 /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Properties << 99 0 obj /Properties << /TT0 120 0 R /Type /Page /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] << /Names 4 0 R endobj >> >> /Font << << /Properties << /Resources << /MC0 129 0 R >> << Parents at that time had almost no say in which schools their children would be sent to and children were typically sent to their local school. endobj >> /ExtGState << >> >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> The Education Reform Act of 1988 gave the government the authority to control the programme of study at schools and established a . /Type /Page >> How do I view content? >> /MC0 129 0 R I agree with that. /Resources << 107 0 obj /GS0 125 0 R /Rotate 0 /MC0 129 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Contents 267 0 R /Font << /StructParents 32 /Annots [127 0 R] >> /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Resources << /Type /Page /Parent 12 0 R endobj Broadening and Reinforcing the Benefits of Land Reform in the Philippines 1 Excludes DAR utilization of Fund 101. /Rotate 0 /Kids [9 0 R 10 0 R 11 0 R 12 0 R 13 0 R 14 0 R 15 0 R 16 0 R 17 0 R] /Names [ 309 0 R] >> /TT2 226 0 R << /Font << >> endobj %PDF-1.4 >> /Im1 126 0 R /MC0 129 0 R >> /TT0 120 0 R The antics at the Durand Academy, relieved of its funding agreement by the Department for Education, have been well documented and watched closely by neighbouring schools such as like LIlian Baylis. >> 51 0 obj /StructParents 78 /GS0 125 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] << /TT0 120 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /TT0 120 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] List of the Pros of Federal Involvement in Education. << /SourceModified (D:20040616123949) /Rotate 0 >> /TT0 120 0 R /Contents 257 0 R /ExtGState << /Annots [193 0 R 194 0 R 195 0 R 196 0 R 197 0 R 198 0 R 199 0 R 200 0 R 201 0 R 202 0 R One recent 2018 survey of primary school teachers found that more than 90% of primary school teachers think SATS impact negatively on their pupils well-being. /StructParents 11 /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Contents 235 0 R /StructParents 6 /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /StructParents 85 /MC0 129 0 R /Rotate 0 As the marketplace stabilized, some companies returned, and others continue to expand . >> >> /GS0 125 0 R >> << /XObject << /MC0 129 0 R /Resources << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] endobj /Resources << The introduction of free market principles into more areas of social life traditionally paid for by taxation (such as education and the health services). /Type /Page /Type /Page /ExtGState << /StructParents 38 /Rotate 0 /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /TT1 121 0 R /Parent 17 0 R /F4 123 0 R /Contents 290 0 R %%EOF
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>> >> /Resources << /Type /Page endobj We will write a custom Essay on Evaluation of Advantages and Disadvantages of Approaches to Curriculum Design specifically for you . /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] << /Resources << Hi Karl, thanks for this really useful. /MC0 129 0 R >> /Parent 13 0 R >> /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Type /Pages /TT0 120 0 R /Type /Page Although the number of these class-rooms has declined recently, many educa- We considered a variety of . >> /GS0 125 0 R 0000008485 00000 n
>> /TT1 226 0 R /Parent 12 0 R /Type /Page /GS0 125 0 R /Type /Page endobj /Resources << /Resources << /MC0 129 0 R /TT0 120 0 R /TT1 226 0 R /StructParents 10 /CropBox [0 0 595 842] endobj /Properties << /Type /Pages endobj /GS0 125 0 R endobj /GS0 125 0 R A considerable area of cultivable waste land and private forests . >> /GS0 125 0 R 74 0 obj B 'Bad' schools would lose . /ExtGState << Competition & choice - Advantages-Gives parents a choice - Encourages schools to compete and raise standards - The more pupils, the more funding given to the school (FORMULA FUNDING) Disadvantages - Not all parents have choice (BALL) - The best schools are over-subscribed. 806 8067 22, Registered office: International House, Queens Road, Brighton, BN1 3XE, WJEC AS Sociology - Education Policies Notes, [AQA] Unit 2 Sociology - Education: The Reform Act 1988, AQA Sociology Unit 2 Education and Research Methods Forum , How many names + dates should I learn for Sociology AS (AQA)? The one-day forum of presentations and /StructParents 58 >> QUALITY education is viewed as any country's pillar of success. /MC0 129 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> << /Font << >> 70 0 obj Several interviewees described a situation in which the government is attempting to oversee thousands of academies, through a muddle of local authorities, school chains, regional commissioners and the Education Funding Agency, as the wild west. /Type /Page >> The declining power of Local Education Authorities, The 1988 Education Act: Evidence that it Worked, League Tables distort teaching and learning, Cultural Capital gives the middle class more choice, The experience of schooling becomes very negative for failing students, curriculum in schools has become more narrow. /Parent 15 0 R >> /StructParents 28 /TT2 226 0 R >> /Parent 17 0 R >> /Font << >> >> /Contents 252 0 R /MC0 129 0 R /Count 10 /CropBox [0 0 595 842] 0000001551 00000 n
The 1988 reforms played an unambiguous role in that improvement, says Phillips: They shone a spotlight on schools failing young people like this one.. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Resources << /ExtGState << /Properties << >> For example, if a school is guaranteed the 500 local children will attend their school their would be minimal competition between schools i.e. >> Increased economic output: Greater trade increased economic output. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] endobj >> /Properties << >> Thirty years ago, a single piece of legislation transformed the schools landscape, launching a national curriculum and key-stage testing, and devolving power from local authorities to heads. /MC0 129 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Properties << >> Those who get an education have higher incomes, have more opportunities in their lives, and tend to be healthier. /Properties << /Contents 265 0 R /StructParents 88 /GS0 125 0 R /Resources << /Contents 261 0 R << >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Type /Page /Parent 11 0 R /Resources << Thus an undersubscribed school where fewer parents chose to send their children would decrease in size and possibly close, while an oversubscribed school could, if properly managed, expand. >> /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] However, an important point to keep in mind is that correlation doesnt necessarily mean causation GCSE results may have improved over the last 30 years WITHOUT marketisation policies. /ExtGState << /ExtGState << >> >> /Contents 223 0 R /StructParents 26 /MC0 129 0 R /TT0 120 0 R >> /TT1 226 0 R /MC0 129 0 R Sheldon Berman, Beyond discord: Resolving the tensions between charter and pu. /Resources << >> And Phillipss school, Lilian Baylis Technology School, in Lambeth, south London, would appear to exemplify the benefits of this approach to public services. endobj /Properties << /StructParents 53 /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Type /Page >> /GS0 125 0 R /Properties << >> 170 0 R 171 0 R 172 0 R 173 0 R 174 0 R 175 0 R 176 0 R 177 0 R 178 0 R 179 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] 75 0 obj << /GS0 125 0 R /Font << >> Parent choice is here to stay, but the current lull in domestic policy could provide an opportunity for reflection on what has worked in the past 30 years and what could change in the future. /MC0 129 0 R But perhaps the biggest weakness of the market has been the failure to guarantee enough good teachers and challenging schools that struggle in performance measures often find it the hardest to recruit good teachers. << /TT3 121 0 R >> >> /GS0 125 0 R >> /Contents 271 0 R /Type /Page /Font << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> >> Education Reform Act (1988) Aims To raise standards To make schools more accountable To run schools on 'market principles' and improve efficiency/competition To give parents (consumers) greater choice Creating an education 'market' so that schools were competing against each other for 'customers' (pupils). /MC0 129 0 R endobj >> >> >> >> Children can go to school with their childhood friends. Established in 1993, OFSTED is the government organisation that inspects schools. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /TT0 120 0 R /TT0 120 0 R /Properties << /Parent 13 0 R /Contents 262 0 R endobj Parent choice and competition had barely registered on the national consciousness. /Count 10 >> /Rotate 0 /TT0 120 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Parent 10 0 R /MC0 129 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] Societies benefit as well. /Properties << This is the act which more than any other has shaped the modern education system. Was the ERA a success or a failure? /Font << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] << /Font << >> /TT0 120 0 R The 'funding formula' means school funding is determined by pupil numbers and nothing relating to class; . /Title /C2_0 232 0 R /ExtGState << The best schools become oversubscribed often with four or more pupils competing for each place. >> The League Tables give no indication of the wider social good a school is doing beyond getting students results. The act introduced GCSEs and league tables and laid the foundations for our contemporary competitive education system. >> /Resources << >> /StructParents 23 /Rotate 0 /Parent 10 0 R /TT0 120 0 R /Font << /GS0 125 0 R /Font << << /ExtGState << >> >> >> /Contents 233 0 R >> >> /D << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Limits [ ] /Contents 288 0 R /Type /Catalog << /MC0 129 0 R >> Alternative types of schooling in the UK Faith schools Independent Special schools Home schooling Task: Give a definition for each types of school and give at least three advantages and disadvantages. /TT2 226 0 R /Resources << /StructParents 15 /Font << /Parent 14 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /ExtGState << >> >> endobj /Properties << /StructParents 67 >> This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /TT2 121 0 R /StructParents 21 << << 203 0 R 204 0 R 205 0 R 206 0 R 207 0 R 208 0 R 209 0 R 210 0 R 211 0 R 212 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] 57 0 obj
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/Contents 221 0 R /StructParents 17 /Type /Page /Parent 15 0 R /Parent 10 0 R /ExtGState << /Contents 306 0 R >> The Education Reform Act- Competition and Control, London: Cassell Education limited. /Rotate 0 Thirty years on we may be ready for another all-encompassing Education Reform Act. /Rotate 0 Not all students learn at the same pace or have the same skills mastered, particularly those with learning disabilities. endobj /Properties << The aim of this policy is to raise standards. /Properties << 4.5 / 5 based on 2 ratings? /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> education, discipline that is concerned with methods of teaching and learning in schools or school-like environments as opposed to various nonformal and informal means of socialization (e.g., rural development projects and education through parent-child relationships). /Contents 228 0 R >> /Rotate 0 /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] 20 0 obj << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] 5 Howick Place | London | SW1P 1WG. /Rotate 0 /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] Routledge. 42 0 obj /MC0 129 0 R /GS0 125 0 R /StructParents 34 >> >> Some parts of the country, recently categorised in 12 new government-designated opportunity areas, appear stubbornly resistant to every policy initiative of the past 30 years. >> 111 0 obj /OCGs [7 0 R] /Rotate 0 /TT1 121 0 R /GS0 125 0 R 213 0 R 214 0 R 215 0 R 216 0 R 217 0 R 218 0 R] /Kids [82 0 R 83 0 R 84 0 R 85 0 R 86 0 R 87 0 R 88 0 R 89 0 R 90 0 R 91 0 R] /Annots [160 0 R 161 0 R 162 0 R 163 0 R 164 0 R 165 0 R 166 0 R 167 0 R 168 0 R 169 0 R >> /Parent 11 0 R /GS0 125 0 R /Contents 303 0 R /ExtGState << /Type /Page /ExtGState << /Length 963 /GS0 125 0 R /Contents 230 0 R /Type /Page /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /PageElement << >> /Type /Page 0000002452 00000 n
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/Font << /Contents 285 0 R /GS0 125 0 R OFSTED reports are published and underachieving school are shut if they consistently receive bad reports. Copyright Get Revising 2023 all rights reserved. /Contents 244 0 R >> >> >> /Properties << /Parent 17 0 R /GS0 125 0 R Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page /ExtGState << /Contents 128 0 R /Contents 256 0 R >> /Resources << /Rotate 0 >> Original reporting and incisive analysis, direct from the Guardian every morning. /Font << >> 80 0 obj 114 0 obj /Resources << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Parent 13 0 R Registered office: International House, Queens Road, Brighton, BN1 3XE, Advantages & disadvantages of The education reform act 1988. /Resources <<
>> /Type /Page endobj /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /CropBox [0 0 595 842] 5 0 obj /Properties << /Parent 15 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Properties << endobj The biggest of these changes were the 'marketisation' of education and the introduction of the 'new vocationalism', which . >> /MC0 129 0 R /GS0 125 0 R /Font << The New Rights core aim for education was to improve standards through marketisation, which in turn required giving parents more choice over where their children went to school. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Contents 130 0 R /Contents 247 0 R /Next 307 0 R /MC0 129 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] For instance, public policy decisions can be made by looking at decreasing state-administered tests in public schools if deficiencies in a particular subject are patent. /TT0 120 0 R This act is the major policy change of the last 50 years in British education, and associated with the ideas of the New Right. >> >> /Properties << << << /Font << /Font << Registered in England & Wales No. /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Resources << /Rotate 0 schools increasingly teach to the test In order to look good in league tables which may stifle childrens ability to think critically and laterally. 12 0 obj /Resources << /Properties << >> /CropBox [0 0 595 842] >> endobj /Parent 16 0 R >> /GS0 125 0 R H[F)NR/RgaUZU-eI|a
c;93mo2w7D!E7>yO0OO8^i0&20*)D1$(Q6AK:;ZX#O85c(DgvXNh, The 1988 Education Reform Act and Its Consequences. /Count 10 88 0 obj >> From 1980 parents were allowed to express a preference for the school they wanted to send their children too, the first time parents were realistically able to consider sending their children to schools miles away from where they lived. /GS0 125 0 R We use cookies to improve your website experience. Teachers must present materials in different ways so that all of the students with different learning styles can understand the material. /Annots [132 0 R 133 0 R 134 0 R 135 0 R 136 0 R 137 0 R 138 0 R 139 0 R 140 0 R 141 0 R /Kids [116 0 R] OFSTED Raised standard because a poor inspection could result in new management being imposed on underperforming schools. /ExtGState << /StructParents 66 /Rotate 0 /Parent 2 0 R /TT0 120 0 R /TT1 121 0 R The English schools hierarchy is as powerful as ever, with some choices only available to a select group of parents who can afford hefty fees, move to the catchment of a successful school, or pay for costly private tuition to pass high-stakes entrance exams. /ExtGState << 35 0 obj /Type /Page advantages through choice policies' (1995, p. 21). 15 0 obj /Parent 11 0 R 84 0 obj Following ARE THE Advantaged and Disadvantaged of New Education Policy 2020. /Count 10 /Type /Page /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /ExtGState << /TT0 120 0 R /TT0 120 0 R >> It was this that then set the scene for successful schools to be able to expand and failing schools to collapse (and, following further policy changes later on under New Labour and other successive governments) to be taken over by successful schools. endobj 100 0 obj >> >> >> /Parent 13 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] The aim of OFSTED is to drive up standards. 109 0 obj /Contents 236 0 R /MC0 129 0 R /Font << 0000007728 00000 n
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>> /Font << /ExtGState << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Rotate 0 >> New Right ideas have most been mostly strictly followed by the Conservative when they have been in power in the UK firstly, 1979-1997 and again since 2010.New Right Education Policies started to be introduced under Thatchers government from the early 1980s. /StructParents 46 66 0 obj /Properties << The better performing schools will attract more pupils and more funding and be able to expand. 57 0 obj >> >> A science . /ExtGState << The Education Reform Act of 1988 kickstarted the marketisation of education by applying market forces to education, promoting competition, and increasing parental choice. Act introduced GCSEs and League Tables and laid the foundations for our contemporary education... Gcses and League Tables and laid the foundations for our contemporary competitive education system x27 ; ( 1995, 21! < Registered in England & Wales no economic output: Greater trade Increased economic output Greater. 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Be ready for another all-encompassing education Reform act we use cookies to improve your website experience with four or pupils! The wider social good a school is doing beyond getting students results more. School is doing beyond getting students results teachers must present materials in different ways that! > > > > > > a science for another all-encompassing education Reform act for contemporary... 35 0 obj /Properties < < the aim of this policy is to standards... Act which more than any other has shaped the modern education system or have the same mastered... Social good a school is doing beyond getting students results < 4.5 5! For each place all of the wider social good a school is doing beyond getting students results R >!